Scientific name - Azadirachta indica
Neem is one of the fast growing trees and it grows to a height of 15- 40 metres depending on its species distinction. The tree is generally characterized by wide and spreading branches. It naturally possesses tolerance against severe heat and drought climate.
The fruit has a smooth glabrous rind with single embedded seed. Each fruit measures up to 1.4 – 2.8 centimetres. It has a very thin exocarp and fibrous mesocarp which appears yellowish white in color. The density of the mesocarp measures to 0.3-0.5 cm thick. The fruit possesses a very unique bitter- sweet taste that is most fondly consumed by birds. Neem oil which is commonly used as a nature bactericide is made extracted from this fruit.
Nutritional Value of Neem Fruit
K | 12.4% |
Ca | 32.8% |
Mg | 25% |
Na | 23.7% |
P | 17.24% |
N | 20% |
The dried neem leaves are placed in cupboards and other grain storage areas to prevent infestation of insects. When those dried leaves are burnt the produced smoke helps to keep away mosquitoes. It is used as a traditional medicine for curing diseases in almost all parts of the Asian countries. It is regarded as an ayurvedic herb and so used in baths.
Many products have been manufactured using the extract of Neem that is widely used in India due to its extensive medicinal properties. The neem products are considered to be antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral. It is portrayed as the most divine medicine in ayurveda as of its healing properties. It is believed to heal major skin diseases in Unani medicine. The neem oil is used for healthy hair, better liver function and balance sugar levels.
There also have been reported some adverse effects on this neem such as kidney repair, infertility, miscarriages and imbalanced blood sugar level.